Comparative Marketing Management Structure Renowned Automobile Brands

Question: Depict about the Smooth Discussion Of The Comparative Marketing Management Structure Of The Four Renowned Automobile Brands? Answer: Presentation Showcasing the board is the organization discipline that points on the commonsense execution of strategies and methods inside associations, promoting direction and on the administration of the advertising exercises and assets of a firm (Czinkota and Kotabe 2011). An examination has been conveyed concerning the correlation of the showcasing systems of four diverse vehicle brands, for example, Ferrari, BMW, Audi and Mercedes with the assistance of the advertising the board idea. Essentially, the STP techniques utilized by the chose vehicle brands has been examined to distinguish the issues are being looked by singular brands and who are remunerating the issues to keep its business procedure stable inside this hugely serious market. Then again, the most significant factor that is the showcasing blend devices used by the organizations has been contrasted with make increasingly understood suggestion for the brands that would help them in improving their advertising procedures. Organization Background Ferrari is lavish the games vehicle maker. This organization was built up in 1929 by Enz Ferrari. It is the most remarkable brand everywhere throughout the world as far as brand account (Ferrari 2016). Audi is the German vehicle producer that produces, conveys, markets, specialists and structures lavish vehicles. This organization supervises the world over. Audi is headquartered in Bavaria, Germany (Audi 2016). Mercedes is additionally a German vehicle maker. It is really a worldwide division of Daimler AG. Mercedes is well known for extravagant trucks, mentors, transports and autos. Mercedes is headquartered in Stuttgart, Germany (Mercedes-benz 2016). BMW or Bavarian Motor Works is again a German extravagant motor, cruiser and vehicle fabricating organization built up in 1916 (AG 2016). The BMW headquartered is situated in Munich, Germany. Examination of Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning system (Referred to Appendix 1) The STP system clarifies the association between a general market and how an association chooses for contending in that showcase. The job of this technique is to give a legitimate direction to a specific association for the execution and improvement of a reasonable promoting blend apparatus. Being the top positioned vehicle marks the world over, Ferrari, Jaguar, BMW and Mercedes follow their own particular STP methodologies. Along these lines, it tends not out of the ordinary that the three brands must have a few contrasts in their STP systems since rivalry is more in a similar industry. Division, Targeting and Positioning procedure for Ferrari Division Analysis The normal proprietors of Ferrari might be male in their mid-fifty. It is hard to track down any Ferrari that would be bought as the client is in necessity of the vehicle. A large portion of the Ferraris in actuality are just the third or second vehicle possessed in a family unit (Davis, 2012). It is principally at the very significant expense of the vehicles. It's anything but an uncommon event clearly, that all comprehends as the vast majority buying. Target Market The Ferraris are bought with respect to the presentation and status (Dickson 2014). Exceptionally less individuals can bear the cost of really a Ferrari. Nonetheless, this Ferrari is the most attractive car brand among all the individuals everywhere throughout the world. Individuals who have exceptionally solid foundation and high salary attempt to feature their status and furthermore have an enthusiasm for the rich games vehicles that has a place with the objective market of Ferrari. Situating Strategy Ferrari has been situated in the lofty fragment of the vehicle business with an unmistakable advantage contingent upon the eliteness and superior (Goldman 2013). Ferrari is image of status as a brand that comprises of the outrageous plan, force and execution. Clients see buying a Ferrari as the customers have made it. Helpers for the Buying Decisions However, Ferrari makes vehicles with outrageous structure, force and execution yet these vehicles can't reach towards a great many people in light of the significant expenses. In the event that Ferrari can figure out how to chop down the costs of the vehicles, at that point it would spur the purchasing choice of the buyer. Division, Targeting and Positioning methodology for Audi Division Analysis Audi really utilizes the psychographic, segment and geographic division factors. Audis first choice is which vehicles in which nations, for example, littler Audis are found in Europe as they drive littler vehicles than the Canadian individuals (Hollensen 2014). In the event of segment division, moderately aged individuals are focused by Audi. Audi fabricates vehicles for all the salary bunch individuals around the world. Audi fundamentally centers for high class to upper white collar class individuals as it is a rich brand. Target Market The objective market of Audi depends on the nation and on the driving sort. Audi for the most part targets numerous nations around the world (Karunakaran 2011). These vehicles are accessible for both the extravagance use and the driving reason. Situating Strategy Audi improve their market situating by giving weight on a few focuses as follows, By choosing appropriate adversaries, for example, BMW and Mercedes They dispatch some great and particular vehicles than the brands like, BMW, Mercedes and Ferrari (Lancioni 2015). They discover their USP for expanding their situation in the vehicle showcase. Inspirations for the Buying Decisions Audis vehicles are moderate for the center salary individuals. Subsequently, this factor has unquestionably impact the purchasing choice of the buyers. In any case, they should worry about the presentation and the speed of the vehicles to spur the purchasing choice. Division, Targeting and Positioning procedure for Mercedes Division Analysis Segment of Mercedes Benz S class comprises of for the most part moderately aged individuals, both male and female and grown-ups. These vehicles are not well known among the youthful age as these are over the top expensive. Principally Mercedes targets high or center salary individuals. Target Market Mercedes target advertise is the individuals of middle time of high or center livelihoods. This brand for the most part targets rich clients (LaPlaca 2014). Situating Strategy This brand has built up a technique for situating as a maker of profoundly sheltered and dependable vehicles that bring about a cost premium comparative with comparative worldwide opponents (Levy 2012). Mercedes give the remarkable arrangements with respect to their administration identified with the items. Inspirations for the Buying Decisions Mercedes ought to be worried on the improvement of their valuing choice that would assist them with changing their purchasers purchasing choice from no to yes. Division, Targeting and Positioning technique for BMW Division Analysis The significant market for BMW, topographically are North America and Europe as these landmasses are generally industrialized and their inhabitants are situated monetarily for buying the vehicles of upper market (Lilien 2015). Target Market This brand uses a separated methodology that is they target specific car markets. BMW for the most part focuses on the business sectors of Super Sports, Super Executive, Executive, Sports Convertibles and numerous others. Situating Strategy BMW has situated its picture as quality car maker, innovatively propelled, execution and eliteness. The market of BMW is extremely serious because of the various vehicle makers (Richter 2011). This brand has built up a situating technique as a maker of profoundly sheltered, dependable cars and elite vehicles that help the brand to contend in such a serious market. Helpers for the Buying Decisions This brand has built up a situating technique as a maker of exceptionally sheltered, solid autos and superior vehicles. A similar guidance would likewise go for this brand is they ought to be worried in their evaluating choice to persuade the purchasing choice of the buyers. Fig 1: Perceptual Map for Mercedes, Audi, Ferrari and BMW (Source: Dickson 2014) Showcasing Activities (Referred to Appendix 2) Showcasing Mix Tools Showcasing blend is business instrument used by business sectors and in advertising. It is regularly basic while deciding the proposal of a brand or item and frequently is related with Product, value, advancement and spot. (Shapiro 2012) Promoting Mix of Ferrari Item The results of the brand are the super vehicles of elite. Notwithstanding, the association is generally into the promoting of outsider (Sheehan 2011). Evaluating The brand estimated at an exceptional range. Ferrari starts upwardly at costs of US $175000. Individuals acknowledge Vintage Ferrari vehicles in esteem and these are known to US dollars cost millions. Advancements The marketing of Ferrari is the most grounded advancement of the brand. As of now Ferrari is getting a charge out of tremendous mindfulness around the world, even in the territories where the brand doesn't do any advancement (Davis 2012). Be that as it may, this marketing is actualized on a permit and sovereignty premise to different brands. Spot Ferrari has its outstanding Ferrari vendor that is spread more than fifty two nations starting at yet with the designs for growing the business of Ferrari to different markets and nations (Ferrari 2016). Advertising Mix of Audi Item In mid 1990s, there were a few issues found in their vehicles yet Audis new vehicles have transformation of substantially less outcomes with their microchips because of the usage of improved innovation (Audi 2016). Presently Audi offers an enormous vehicle assortment. Cost Audi has skimming or premium estimating. The valuing is completely defended taking a gander at the brand picture and the nature of the vehicle (Dickson 2014). Audi is attempting its best for excusing the cost and giving alternatives of creative fund through the Audi Finance of their own creation the alluring the buy. Advancement Audi is associated with a few endeavors of sponsorship and sports, similar to sponsorship of some Italian football crew. This brand oversees for keeping I

Slavery in Post-Civil War America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Subjection in Post-Civil War America - Essay Example Specialists would capture Blacks for minor violations, and since the greater part of them were jobless, they had no cash to pay court charges their sentences would be expanded. The specialists would then offer the captives to white firms for a little charge and here they were dependent upon woeful conditions. In the wake of being offered to the white firms, the manager5s of these organizations had the position to make the dark men fill in as they wished. The dark slaves would be given enormous measures of occupations to do and inability to finish the appointed assignments would mean being rebuffed by being thrashed. The poor working conditions, neediness and absence of repayment implied that the Blacks would not bear the cost of dealing with the wellbeing. Sicknesses, for example, pneumonia and tuberculosis were bounteous in the populace, and they were not given treatment or dealt with in any capacity. Numerous African Americans kicked the bucket on account of subjection ensnared on them by the Whites, and they were covered in unrefined memorial parks that came to be found numerous years after the fact. The vast majority of the Whites saw nothing amiss with bondage, and contended that it was useful for the economy and just a couple of ignored it. Numerous Whites considered servitude to be significant, however didn't consider it to be white bigotry since it supported the economy. Blacks then again considered subjection to be prejudice, and the vast majority of them communicated fears of why there were many dark slaves. In any case, it is obvious that Blacks were persecuted by the Whites and specialists assumed a major job in propelling bigotry by passing laws to threaten Blacks. Mapping Human History Steve Olson depicts how hereditary qualities have added to the comprehension of people as far as race, ethnicity and nationality. He clarifies that individuals can find their past utilizing organic clarifications and utilizations qualities to expound how individuals can have the option to follow back their familial sources. Individuals share similar precursors, which are with respect to qualities, and this shows every person are connected somehow. The book Mapping Human History by Olson explains that each individual has family members, for example, guardians, grandparents, extraordinary excellent guardians and some more, and in attempting to nail down the basic progenitor, it relates that more lived a great many years prior henceforth inferring an all inclusive heritage foundation. In spite of the way that these individuals may have never met, it is apparent that there is a general root of humankind. Hereditary qualities connects mankind to the first precursors, and this draws out the contention that humankind has comparable causes, yet has changed after some time to deliver the different races that are on the planet today. The hereditary clarification of this is the point at which the sperm meets with the female egg, their pair up their DNAâ €™s and along these lines individuals can distinguish their maternal affiliations since they will have the similitudes in their DNA cosmetics (Olson 20). The Y-chromosomes can found in guys can likewise be utilized to clarify the basic family line foundation since guys acquire this from their dads, and organic investigation demonstrates that the cutting edge DNA is from numerous people living in Africa, yet got wiped out and just the Adam and Eve ancestry endure (Olson 23). Olson clarifies that all

Book Riots Deals of the Day for November 27th, 2019

Book Riot’s Deals of the Day for November 27th, 2019 Sponsored by Read Harder Journal, a reading log for tracking your books and reading outside your comfort zone! These deals were active as of this writing, but may expire soon, so get them while they’re hot! Todays  Featured Deals A Hundred Summers by Beatriz Williams for $1.99. Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. Comics Will Break Your Heart by Faith Erin Hicks for $2.99. Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. Im Your Man: The Life of Leonard Cohen by Sylvie Simmons for $1.99. Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. Fatality in F (A Gethsemane Brown Mystery Book 4) for $4.99. Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. In Case You Missed Yesterdays Most Popular DealS Home Fire by Kamila Shamsie for $1.99. Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. The Shadowglass (The Bone Witch Book 3) by Rin Chupeco for $2.99. Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. 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Price of College Education - 1473 Words

For the past decade, The United States has stressed the importance of college education, to those seeking employment, and better careers. For most people, college is the logical next step in education, as it provides a working knowledge of a desired field and opens the door to many opportunities, but college has become increasingly more expensive as time goes on. Many people feel that college is no longer an option financially. Even with financial aid and scholarships, the cost of a college education can still be very taxing. This is due to massive price increase across the boards, but the main issue on most people’s minds is the debt that will be acquired from higher education. The debt associated with higher education is one of the†¦show more content†¦While students and their parents struggle to afford college, university professors have seen exponential growths that have surpassed inflation by 2.5 percent (Lankford 55). Salaries for professors can account for up 8 0 % of a college’s budget. Now given how much professors make and how much of that is reflected in college expenses there is still another problem with the tenured professors. Professors who receive tenure are some of the most privileged employees in the nation. Not only do they have life time jobs but also they have four months paid vacation and some may only teach six hours a day. On average a professor makes 74,360 dollars a year. Professors are not the only members of faculty though. In fact, administrators make far more than professors do so much so that some administrators make close to the million-dollar range. A million may be the high end but even than quite a few have salaries near 500,000 dollars (Lankford pg.58-59). The question now is whether or not there is a solution to the rising cost of a college degree. Some people are skeptical as to whether or not the cost of college can be combated, but there are plenty of ways the cost of college costs could be diminishe d. The first of which is to change the way people think about higher education and most notably about how people perceive two-year colleges. Two-year colleges are a great solution to the expense of the typicalShow MoreRelatedThe Price Of A College Education3529 Words   |  15 Pages The Price of a College Education: Tuition Discounting in Higher Education David Bryant Baruch College – The City University of New York â€Æ' The Price of a College Education: Tuition Discounting in Higher Education Offering a discount in college tuition has become a standard practice amongst private colleges and universities across the United States as a way of offsetting its published price of tuition—the sticker price—and aid from institutional grants and endowments for enrolling studentsRead MoreDriving The Cost Of Higher Education1063 Words   |  5 PagesDriving the Cost of Higher Education It seems as though the correct step for young people to follow after high school is college. We are constantly told that if we wish to be successful, then we must get a degree. However, with the rising costs, it’s seeming like fewer people are willing or able to take the next step into higher education. Cries about the sheer insanity of the rising costs blur into a cacophony of anger and frustration. The discussion of whether it’s even worth the cost have alsoRead MoreMoney For The Future : College955 Words   |  4 PagesMoney For The Future Many say that education is a right, not a privilege. Others may argue that education, especially higher education like college, is a privilege. Everyone is entitled to an education, but what is holding a lot of students back is their financial situation. The cost of college education is getting out of hand; its prices are alarming, leaving students with little ways to pay for it, in the dust. The unfortunate reality of students dealing with debt is a fear-mongering tacticRead MoreAre Colleges Worth The Price Of Admission?912 Words   |  4 Pagesdebt worth a lifetime Higher education has been known by many Americans as a luxury for only those who can afford it if not being forever in debt with student loans. The price of higher education has been in debate for many years but it still has not ceased to come into an agreement. Should higher education lower its price or is it worth paying for it? As Andrew Hacker and Claudia Dreifus argue in their article â€Å"Are Colleges Worth the Price of Admission?† there are colleges worth mentioning about howRead MoreAre Colleges Worth the Price of Admission? Essay examples979 Words   |  4 PagesAre Colleges Worth the Price of Admission? When it comes to the topic of attending college, most of us will readily agree that obtaining a higher education is important. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of paying for it. Whereas some are convinced that tuition is too high, others maintain that it is important no matter the cost. Andrew Hacker and Claudia Dreifus address just such an issue in their essay â€Å"Are Colleges Worth the Price of Admission†. Hacker and DreifusRead MoreOn The Coming Burst Of The College Bubble1321 Words   |  6 Pagesof many young college students capped and gowned, their hands clutching diplomas, their ears tuned into some wise person telling them â€Å"you are the future.† For many, deep in debt with few prospects that future looks pretty bleak. It’s enough to make some believe the siren song of Megan Mcardle. McArdles elucidates why the biggest problem in college is the price. â€Å"The rapid run-up in prices, at rates much higher than in flation;† The false connotations that a diploma are all college students neededRead MoreAffordability Of Our Education : Is A College Education Worth The Cost?1729 Words   |  7 PagesSylvia Ikharo Comp 1101 March 15, 2016 Affordability of our Education Every working American family knows how hard it is today to find affordable higher education. As of the past few decades the tuition fee for most public and private colleges increased by 250 percent while income increased by 16 percent (Politico, 2013). The statistics have since then become a trend that has now evolved each year, hence; making it difficult for parents to send their children to school that can cause themRead MoreEconomic Analysis Of Elite Higher Education1619 Words   |  7 PagesEconomic Analysis on Elite Higher Education in California Introduction Higher education is a critical mechanism for individual socioeconomic advancement and an important driver of economic mobility. A well-educated workforce is vital to our nation’s future economic growth. American companies and businesses require a highly skilled workforce to meet the demands of today’s increasingly competitive, global economy. Higher education is provided through a complex public-private market, with manyRead MoreAn Education Battle: Decreasing Amount of Scholarships1155 Words   |  5 Pagesschool have a hard time getting into college or even getting a job. Without a job, scholarship, or financial aid to help, it can be tough to pay for your education. Students are lead to lesser jobs and forced to not go to college because they can not afford tuition. A reason why these colleges ask for so much money is because they don’t have the funding to keep them afloat, so they bump up the prices to get in. School systems need more funding for educati on. Communities and foundations that reinforceRead MoreThe Importance of Higher Education768 Words   |  4 PagesHigher Education | In the view of most Americans, a college education has now taken on the importance that a high school education had in the past, and has become a necessary ingredient for a good job and comfortable lifestyle. This value is shared even more widely among African-American and Hispanic parents.* * 84% say that it is extremely (37%) or very (47%) important to have a college degree in order to get ahead.1 * 87% strongly (68%) or somewhat (19%) agree that a college education

Pros And Cons Of Stem Cell Research - 1003 Words

Home Foundations Ethics Stem Cell Research Stem Cell Research Explorable.com 1.6M reads 32 Comments Printer-friendly versionSend by emailPDF version Pros And Cons in Research The debate of the pros and cons of stem cell research clearly illustrate the difficult ethics evaluations researchers sometimes must do. All scientists must consider whether the positive effects from their research are likely to be significantly higher than the negative effects. What are Stem Cells? Stem Cells are crucial to develop organisms. They are nonspecialized cells which have the potential to create other types of specific cells, such as blood-, brain-, tissue- or muscle-cells. Stem cells are in all of our body and lives, but are far more potent in a fetus (also spelled foetus, fÅ“tus, faetus, or fà ¦tus) than in an adult body. Some types of stem cells may be able to create all other cells in the body. Others have the potential to repair or replace damaged tissue or cells. Embryonic Stem Cells are developed from a female egg after it is fertilized by sperm. The process takes 4-5 days. Stem Cell Research What is Stem Cell Research? Stem cell research is used for investigation of basic cells which develop organisms. The cells are grown in laboratories where tests are carried out to investigate fundamental properties of the cells. Aborted fetuses are not the only source of stem cells There are stem cells in the both placenta and blood contained in the placenta. Also the primaryShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Pros and Cons of Stem Cell Research928 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction This report aims to investigate the different views held on the pros and cons of development in stem cell research. This report will provide background to the debate, its social significance, parties that are involved and analysis of the arguments related to the topic researched. 2.0 The Issue and background to the debate Those who favour stem cell research are optimistic about the continued developments in stem cell research will open doors to many breakthrough discoveries in biomedical scienceRead MoreEssay about Pros and Cons of Embryonic Stem Cell Research1261 Words   |  6 PagesEmbryonic Stem Cell research mainly because they consider it unethical to use aborted fetuses for research. The two main issues concerning the research are the ethics (Cons) and the benefits (Pros). In any scientific case, ethics must always be considered. But the use of fetuses is something that is of the utmost importance. The costs are generally measured based off of people’s feelings, morals, and knowledge about the subject up for debate. The use of aborted fetuses for stem cell research may haveRead MoreThere Was A Seventeen-Year-Old Boy Named Joe Beene That1674 Words   |  7 PagesThere was a seventeen-year-old boy named Joe Beene that severely injured himself during a football practice in November. Becau se of Joe’s injury, Joe’s family had a very difficult moral dilemma that involved the right to conduct stem-cell research to help with medical conditions. The injury that Joe sustained was a broken neck that left Joe paralyzed from the Chest down hindering Joe from any activities including taking care of himself. I couldn’t even start to understand the pain and suffering thatRead MoreThe Advantages and Disadvantages of Stem Cell Research Essay1197 Words   |  5 Pagescontroversy regarding the bioethical issues of stem cells and the pros/cons of its research. In order to understand the clash of opposing opinions on stem cells, it is important to know the root of stem cells, as well as their functions and scientific findings. â€Å"Stem Cells are very essential to develop organisms. They are non-specialized cells which have the potential to create other types of specific cells, such as blood, brain, tissue or muscle cells† (Experiment Resources, 2008). In addition, injuriesRead MoreGenetic Engineering Pros And Cons1648 Words   |  7 PagesGENETIC ENGINEERING: PROS: Pros of genetic engineering are the facts that scientists and doctors in our generation could first and foremost discover new diseases and parasites and types of unheard cancers and illnesses before they spread further than they need too. The doctors can therefore invent a cure for this illness before it spreads really far and before anyone else gets sick. With the genetic engineering they can then stop the spreading and cure the diseases before it gets out of hand. ThisRead MoreWhat Are Unethical About Stem Cell Research?956 Words   |  4 Pagesestablished the theory that every cell comes from a precursor cell. Maximow was deeply involved in histology, the study of plant and animal tissue. Being the first to show that blood cells come from a common precursor cell, he is given the most credit in discovering what is known as stem cells (source #7). Stem cells have the ability to change into other cells such as blood, bone, tissue, and muscle cells. Researchers are trying to be tter understand these foundation cells to create cures and treatmentsRead MoreStem Cell Type Is Best?1264 Words   |  6 PagesTopic: Stem research, which stem cell type is best? Umbilical cord stem cells or embryonic stem cells. General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform the audience of the advantages and disadvantage of using embryonic and umbilical cord stem cells in research. Central Ideal: While medical researchers believe that the use of embryonic stem cells is their best option in research, others believe it to be unethical and immoral, and that umbilical stem cells are a good alternative to embryonicRead MoreAmazed by Cloning1544 Words   |  6 Pagesuse of cloning. Information includes the processes and some animals that have been cloned. The history includes the different cloning achievements starting with the first artificial twin. The good and bad parts will of course talk about the pros and cons of cloning. Human cloning tells what is the use of it and how people feel about it. The last part talks about the possibility of using cloning to protect endangered species, and if it would be enough to help the population. If cloning is usedRead MoreThe Debate Over Stem Cell Research936 Words   |  4 PagesStem cell research is full of controversy with a million different opinions on each side of the argument. In this essay, the â€Å"pro† side will be viewed and discussed. The background, the pros, the experiments and other information will be deliberated. Hopefully by the end of the composition, one will understand the benefits of stem cell research. In the early 1900s, Alexander A. Maximow was the first to actually use the term â€Å"stem cell† when he discovered the cell. He was a Russian-American physicianRead MoreA Research Study On Stem Cells And Cloning977 Words   |  4 PagesMy Biology Report is going to Stem cells but in this report I am going to tell about strm cells and cloning but i am only briefly going to talk about it I will tell you facts pros and cons what is stem cells.And what it is period.But for cloniing i am just going to tell you what it is and what is bad about it. The term cloning accounts a number of different courses that can be used to produce genetically alike clones of a biological entity. The doubled material, which has the equal genetic makeup

Opening Statement State V Micahel Miller Free Essays

Ladies and Gentleman of the jury, here we have a malicious crime towards humanity. Here we have the Shirley Thompson accusing Michael Miller of aggravated sexual assault, also holding her at knife point. Shirley Thompson was walking home on the early morning of January 9th. We will write a custom essay sample on Opening Statement State V Micahel Miller or any similar topic only for you Order Now As she is on her way home from a tiring day from work she is viscously attacked by this molester also known as Michael Miller. Thompson works a 7pm-3am shift and on this shift she is the only waitress working. From working this shift she felt sick and asked permission to end her shift at 11 pm. She decided not to contact he husband to tell him she was on her way home because Thompson only lives a six block distance from the tasty good restaurant where she is employed. My client has only worked there for 5 months she meets people that come in and out of that place every day. THAT MAN right their Michael Miller attacked my client on that night of Jan 9th, He will tell you that they had met in times before. Miller and Thompson had an agreement to meet each other. In actuality she had never seen this man before in her life. Mr Miller is employed at Eddie’s service station. Mr. Miller has been through the legal system in times before he has been charged with burglary and pleaded guilty and was let go on 5 yrs probation. We have all the evidence needed to prove that Miller is indeed guilty of this crime towards this hard working lady. Not only do we Ms Thompsons Chilling description of the crime and question: we also have the reporting officers testimony stating the fact in which he found Ms. Thompson after her encounter with this molester. Also in our hands are the physicians medical report that reveals that presence of sperm inside of my client. The Thompson family have been deeply scared by this heinous act. This man should be charged with Rape in the 1st degree, criminal possession of a weapon in the 4th degree and kidnapping in the 4th degree. He should kept out of society it’s obvious he can’t socialize without attack. He has shown attendance for crime in his past, that same criminal instinct has rise once again How to cite Opening Statement State V Micahel Miller, Papers

Case Study Business Strategy Management

Question: Case study on Business Strategy Management. Answer: Introduction Several strategic models can help an organization establish a competitive advantage over its business rivals in the market (Magretta 2012). Business organizations might choose to operate or compete across a focused or broad market. Companies might apply cost leadership, focus, and differentiation. The strategies are applicable at the unit level of the business. For the case of Virgin Australia, the differentiation strategy fits it well for the purposes of gaining competitive advantages over its rivals in the market. By tailoring the entire marketing program through finding different ways of being unique in the market place companies are able to gain competitive advantage over its competitors. The company can establish a unique position in the market by differentiating the services, products, brand, and employees. In the competitive airline market, Virgin Australia can be able to gain advantage over it rivals by using the product positioning strategy. Some aspects that can help distinguish Virgin Australia from its competitors are discussed. Some of the methods and strategies that are used in ensuring the company maintains its competitiveness include international joint ventures, the differentiation strategy, branding and culture, product and service positioning, and market segmentation. The differentiation strategy The differentiation strategy is involved in product or service development that offers unique features that the customers value and take as different or better in quality than the services from the competition. Therefore for Virgin Australia, differentiation is the strategy to go as the products, services offered involves transport of goods, and people do desired destinations. It provides comfortable transport of both goods and passengers. The value the unique product adds allows Virgin Australia to charge premium prices. The process of charging premium prices will enable the company to cover the extra cost that comes in by offering the unique transportation. Because of the unique services Virgin Australia offers, if the suppliers of the product in any case increase the prices the company can pass the costs to the customers. The differentiation strategy will enable Virgin Australia to have; a reputation in the cooperative world for innovation and quality, a strong sales team, innovat ive and skilled team, and access to high scientific research. However, Virgin Australia has to ensure it is flexible and agile in the process of developing new products used in the cleaning process. Some of the risks Virgin Australia might encounter in the market by using the differentiation strategy include; changes in customer taste, imitation by their competitors, and loss in value of the services they offer. The ability of VirginAustralia to be agile and flexible will enable it compete fairly with their competitors that will use the focus strategy in the same market environment. Using individual customer needs basing on experience is one of the ways of increasing customer base using the differentiation strategy. Start by knowing what the customer needs and what he or she wants and thus equating to expectations. After analysis of the customers who are mainly over 30 years, the company will be able to work backwards to formulate new experiences that will be higher than what the customer expects. In order to achieve this, the company will speak to their customers and after listening delivery of superior experience is necessary. Another way of increasing the customer base is through the creation of experience between the customers and the real employees thus its uniqueness. Many customers prefer meeting with real people as opposed to getting emails and messages from the company. Ensuring that the engagement with customers is a personal experience helps in building a strong relationship between the company and the customers. The process of ensuring personal meeti ngs with the customers enables the company to increase its customer base, as the loyal customers will communicate with other customers. Innovations in airline market especially to go with the needs of the customers is important for Virgin Australia to increase customer base. Differentiating allows the company to give the customers a good reason to buy your products and use your services as opposed to other competitors products. It should answer the question what makes you different. Customization of flights according to age groups will be a clear strategy of increasing customer base. Sustainability through branding and culture In entering new markets, competition from other companies often leads to the profits going down. However, the sustainability of the business company can enable it survive any competition from other firms. The business strategy used can ensure competitive advantages in securing of customers and defending against competitive forces. Virgin Australia clearly has a sustainable competitive advantage over its competitors because of several reasons. Established culture and brand ensures Virgin Australias sustainability in the competitive front. External branding which is critical in ensuring customer loyalty and awareness will enable Virgin Australia survive the competitive airline business. Virgin Australia continuously participates in promotion activities and charity events as a method of promoting its brand both internally and externally. Often, customers remain with brands they are loyal with without considering the price of the products and services being offered. Through focusing on building strong relationships with its customers, Virgin Australia continues to deliver high quality services and great customer experience. In addition, Virgin Australia also provide unique services, which involves provision of music systems, monitors and massage parlors in the planes. The uniqueness of Virgin Australia will allow it to be sustainable and compete in the market that has increased competition over the years. The other aspect tha t will ensure Virgin Australia remains sustainable is the customer services it provides. It took time for the company to establish its customer services but after being established it has been hard for competitors to develop a reputation that can be compared to it. In summary, the ability of Virgin Australia to focus on the environment, the business and the people enables it to have sustainable economic advantages needed to survive the competitive business market. International joint ventures Entering into an international joint venture with other international airline companies will enable Virgin Australiato expand its business. Virgin Australia will be able to gain some advantages in the joint venture. However, there are some risks involved in this kind of international joint venture. Some advantages of international joint ventures include; it allows for faster and cheaper access to foreign markets. It provides a faster access to the distribution channels and knowledge on the local markets and this enhances sustainability and success of the joint venture (Campbell Netzer 2011). In addition, the resident partner, which in this case is any other airline, willalready be having existing relationships with key customers and suppliers and the proficiency in the local values and language. Another advantage of this joint venture is that it allows for sharing of risks and costs between the two partners (Campbell 2013). In case of any losses in the business or tragic accidents, the two partners will share the costs of damages thus reducing the quantity of financial assets that will be lost. Finally, the business venture will move quickly in addition to being credible and effective. However, this depends on the reputation of the resident partner in the local market. Internat ional joint ventures can also enable the two partners to take advantage of synergies and complementary business lines that are in existence between the two companies (Chatterjee Gray 2014). International joint ventures also pause risks including; inadequate planning and strategies may result to failure and a frustrating experiences for the partners. Some aspects can be difficult to anticipate especially due to poor and inadequate planning. Issues with technology, marketplace developments, economic downtowns, and uncertainties with regulation can have drastic impacts on international joint ventures. Another risk is the possibility of creating a competitor in your own partner in the joint venture. However, this can be solved through non-competition and non-solicitation from the joint venture agreements (Wolf 2012). Finally, joint ventures can result in management issues because of the diluted profits due to sharing. Partners may discover their inflexible nature and inability to share expectations with their partner because of different management philosophies. The inflexibility of the partners to change and evolving needs of the joint venture can lead to failure of the bu siness. All these risks have to be taken into consideration in the formation of the international joint venture. Market segmentation Market segmentation is created based on several strategies and some consumer characteristics for example behavior and demographics. Market segmentation involves the identification of the bases for segmentation and determination of the important characteristics of each segment in the market. The market segmentation of airline transport is based on the customers age, status, and needs. The market segmentation of airlines enables the company to know the psychographic needs of the customer and provides the company with the opportunity of formulating a good plan for the future for satisfaction of customer needs, taste, and preferences. The market segmentation of airlines include; business class and normal transport .Mens watches are manufactured differently as they are much bigger compared to the others and they have big wrist straps. Womens watches on the other hand have thinner wrist straps and are much smaller with several decorations. Kids watches are mainly made of plastic and are small. Watches according to ceremonies are often customized according to the customers needs or the ceremonies theme. All these customers have to be catered for to enable growth of the airline Company. Targeting of the different customers needs proper evaluation of the commercial and potential attractiveness for each of the market segment. Accessibility of the market segment is an important aspect in targeting the segments. Each segment has to be accessible to enable them to receive marketing advertisements and feedback from them is also important for the company. Focusing on different benefits the segments provide is another way I would use to target the different market segments. Different market segments need different benefits and therefore focusing on these benefits will enable the company to target different customers. The profits that the company anticipate should be able to exceed the additional marketing costs due to planning. The needs for each market segment do not differ by much. Therefore, marketing messages should be emphasized for all the relevant features and benefits that are needed as opposed to one size of the watches that fit for all customer segments. This meth odology is efficient for the delivery of different products for different market segments. Product and service positioning By tailoring the entire marketing program through finding different ways of being unique in the market place companies are able to gain competitive advantage over its competitors. The company can establish a unique position in the market by differentiating the services, products, brand, and employees. In the competitive wristwatch market, Virgin Australia can be able to gain advantage over it rivals by using the product positioning strategy. Some aspects that can help distinguish Virgin Australia from its competitors are discussed. Focusing on companys market expertise for the purposes of developing market specialization is one of the important ways of gaining competitive advantage over other companies in the same business. Instead of concentrating on a wide market that encompasses transport of all types of cargo, the company can zero in on only transport of vehicles and vehicle spare parts. This would enable the company to specialize in vehicle and vehicle spare part transport and appeal to the motor vehicle industry needs and wants thus giving the company an advantage over the other companies that focus on all the market segments. Secondly, the company can make its airline services stand out as improved and new. This can be achieved by closely studying the competitors and identify how the target and solve the market problem. After careful evaluation of the competitors, the company should then ensure that they provide a unique solution to the market problem. Finally, the company should be able to leverage its expertise through establishing leadership in the market. If customers perceive the company as experts, this will transfer to the products in this case wristwatches. The company can be able to establish leadership in the technological and sales aspect of the market and with this sustain any competition from other companies. Activities such as social media marketing, article and blog writing can be used to gain leadership for the company. Value Chain Analysis Value chain is the functions and activities that the airport or any other firm performs for the purposes of delivering valuable products and services to the market, which in this case are the passengers. It is dependent on the process of manufacturing organization as a system that is based on the inputs to the airport which are the services, the transformation process, which involves the provision of the services to the passengers, and finally the output, which are the profit returns from the services provided to the passangers. Inbound supply chain otherwise known as inbound logistics are the first phase of the value chain because they have the earliest or first opportunity to create value. Aspects of this phase are taken as upstream activities. In this case, that is the airports the inbound logistics include the receiving the customers to the airport and selling them tickets for the purposes of travelling. Secondly, handling of the passengers for example, the airport staff then handles the passengers by offering services in the arrivals and leaving passengers areas. Lastly, the airport then provides any additional services to their customers for example through the provision of food, refreshing drinks, and even music. Addition of value to the services is achieved through maintaining high levels of consumer choice and improving efficiency in the distribution system. There is also a potential to add value by application of quality control to prevent poor services from reaching customers. Quality control also prevents unfair costs from being passed to customers and provides a good opportunity for cost reduction. Operations involves the production elements of the airport, they are service oriented. Therefore, operations provide the second upstream aspects to allow for products and services to be offered. Some aspects of operations include ensuring the airport is operational daily according to the trading hours, maintaining proper service provision at all times, and all these services add value. There is always a potential for the airport to add value to its products and services. Expansion in terms of hours of operation in some of the branches can aid in achieving this. However, there might be some restrictions according to planning and law councils thus leading to loss of value competitively. Outbound supply chain also known as outbound logistics in the value chain has the sole purpose of delivery of goods and services to the consumer. The airport can add value through the online booking services. Improvement of other tangibles such as till staff, luggage collectors and parking facilities help in gaining advantage competitively. When these services are improved and executed well they clearly add value through saving of customer time at the same time turnaround will increase. Addition of value concerning luggage carriers can be achieved through implementing the trolley deposit system, ensuring that they are clean, making them easily available and finally allowing quick access to and from the premises. Marketing and sales are the downstream aspects of value chain. Introduction of club cards in the airport adds value through provision of discounts thus ensuring customer loyalty. Advertisements in the national television stations and radio stations further improves the value of the goods and services. A campaign such as lower prices or even discount offers are some of the ways airport use to obtain more customers therefore increasing profits. Loss of value in the marketing is a disadvantage that can be caused by sophistication of customers and their general awareness to the business practice. Taking this as an advantage the airport can provide customers with many recycling points and provide this information in their advertisements. SWOT analysis strengths weaknesses opportunities Threats In bound supply High levels of consumer choice. Improved efficiency. Productivity Quality control. New services. Price changes. Financial capacity. Process Expansion Loss of value Growing economy Rising costs of employee salary that is, cost of production. Outbound supply Innovation Improved customer service Productivity Future loss of value New products and services. Increase interest rates. Marketing and sales Reduced labor costs. Domestic market High growth rate Future profitability. Loss of value in the services provided. New markets Growing economy and demand. Growing competition. Technological problems. Change in prices. Financial capacity. Table 1: SWOT analysis Recommendations Improvement on the several operations and management aspects of the airline can be done in order to promote several operations and management aspects of the organization. The changes to improve the functionality of the airline can be done on the service offering aspect, quality assurance, environmental practices, human resource practices, airside management, and terminal operations. Improvement on the services being offered by the airport include online check in and buying of tickets where the passenger books his or her flight online from anywhere as long as he can access the internet. Human resource and marketing could be improved through provision of airlines club cards that give discounts to loyal customers. Proper international advertising through the several media channels is another way of creation and improving marketing services of the airline. Quality assurance can be improved through ensuring that proper maintenance to the airplanes, taxiways, runways, and airport fences. The management can improve terminal operations and airside management by converting some of the manual services being offered into electronic services. Responsiveness to accidents can be made fast by installation of CCTV cameras in all areas and ensuring that there is ample space that will enable the emergency response team to reach the place of accident faster. Conclusion In conclusion for the company to maintain its competitive edge several aspects have been put forward in the recommendations but some of them are key. Ensuring that there is improvement in customer service and improvement of human resource and planning are the focus in the sustainability of Virgin Australia. Application of several strategies and methods such as international joint ventures, market segmentation, service and product positioning, and the differentiation strategy will further ensure the companys sustainability in the ever increasing airlines market. References Arndt, J. (2014). Market segmentation: Theoretical and empirical dimensions. Bergen: Universitiesforlaget. Campbell, D., Netzer, A. (2011). International joint ventures. Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International. Campbell, D. (2013). International joint ventures. New York: Matthew Bender. Cantrell, R. L. (2013). Outpacing the competition: Patent-based business strategy. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Chatterjee, K., Gray, B. (2014). International joint ventures: Economic and organizational perspectives. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher. Frank, R. E., Massy, W. F., Wind, Y. (2012). Market Segmentation. Englewood Cliffs, N.J:Prentice-Hall. Glasmeier, A. K. (2015). Manufacturing time: Global competition in the watch industry, 1795 - 2015. New York: Guilford Press. Glynn, M. S., Woodside, A. G. (2011). Business-to-business brand management: Theory, research and executive case study exercises. Bingley: JAI Press. Hammond, J., Hammond, J. (2011). Branding your business: [promote your business, attract customers, build your brand through the power of emotion]. London: Kogan Page.

Global Issues in Strategic Management Essay Example

Global Issues in Strategic Management Essay Explain global issues in strategic management: Essay sample What is strategic management? Global Strategy is just one part of the larger subject of Strategic Management. Typically in many strategic management textbooks, International and Global Strategy appears as one of the chapter alongside many others for example, its chapter 19 in my book. Take the Blackberry RIM range of mobile phones. This Canadian company has been very successful, so far, in terms of its international and global strategy. But it began by using the basic principles of strategic management customer focus on the business customer, competitive advantage through its focus on the easy email access, resource-based analysis based on its patented technology rather than anything specific to global strategy. But then Blackberry RIM added a global strategy for example, its co-operation with the Reliance mobile network in India shown right to add to the basic strategy. What this means is that many of the basic principles of Strategic Management customer focus, competitive advantage, resource-based analysis, etc. are also fundamental to the development of International and Global Strategy. The purpose of this section of the website is therefore to offer a brief summary of some of the main elements. Clearly, it is not possible to cover all the material set out in an 800-page text. Here, we highlight some key areas and principles. First, we summarise the two main strategic processes prescriptive and emergent a nd mention some of the background theories that underpin them. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Issues in Strategic Management specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Global Issues in Strategic Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Global Issues in Strategic Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Second, we present video summaries of some selected chapters from my book StrategicManagement 5th Edition which explore the main areas in more depth. You may like to know that the four previous editions of the book were called Corporate Strategy: we changed the title for the fifth edition to reflect changes in strategy thinking since the publication of the first edition in 1997. Background to strategic management development In reality, strategic management is a relatively young subject. It has its roots in the economic and social theories of the 1930s and 1940s perhaps even earlier. But it only really began to emerge as a separate topic in the 1960s and 1970s. Even today, there is only partial agreeement on the fundamental principles of strategic management with many views, ideas and concepts. This makes the topic interesting and challenging. But it also means that there is no fully accepted body of knowledge unlike, for example, mechanical engineering or organic chemistry. According to one recent authoritive survey amongst academic strategists (Nag et al,Strategic Management Journal, 2007, Vol 28, pages 935-955), there are two main streams of thought related to strategic process: prescriptive (or intended) strategic processes and emergent strategic processes. The authors produced the following definition from their survey over the period 1983-2004: The field of strategic management deals with the major intended and emergent initiatives taken by general managers on behalf of owners, involving utilization of resources, to enhance the performance of firms in their external environments.

Free Essays on Birth And Growth Of The Automobile

Through the course of the 20th century, there were many engineering marvels. The â€Å"Greatest Engineering Achievements of the 20th Century† are presented at www.GreatAchievements.org, complete with a history and timeline of that particular technology. This list of achievements was compiled by the National Academy of Engineering, along with 30 other professional engineering societies. I have chosen to write about the birth and continued development of the automobile. As with any developing technology, the growth and development of the automobile was driven by the factors that cause technical change. I believe the two factors that played a key role for the automobile were consumer demand and government action. Consumer demand is just what it sounds like, consumers want a new technology, and are willing to pay for it. Government action is also just what it sounds like. The government puts into effect new laws, which change the way products are manufactured. For instance, the EPA has mandated that all cars built after a certain date be â€Å"Environmentally Friendly†, by putting out less pollution and getting better gas mileage. At the beginning of the 20th century, the average American traveled only 1,200 miles in a lifetime. Most of that traveling was done on foot, and within that person’s own town. This is where consumer demand comes into play. People wanted to travel, but they weren’t going to walk from state to state to get where they wanted to go. People wanted a quicker, more efficient way to get from point A to point B. The first cars were electric cars and made their debut in the 1800’s. These cars could travel approximately 50 miles at 10 to 20 mph before needing recharging. By 1900, there were 50 automobile manufacturing companies in the United States. With an average cost of $1,550 per car, only the wealthy car, and only 8,000 were registered in the United States. With the advent of mass production,... Free Essays on Birth And Growth Of The Automobile Free Essays on Birth And Growth Of The Automobile Through the course of the 20th century, there were many engineering marvels. The â€Å"Greatest Engineering Achievements of the 20th Century† are presented at www.GreatAchievements.org, complete with a history and timeline of that particular technology. This list of achievements was compiled by the National Academy of Engineering, along with 30 other professional engineering societies. I have chosen to write about the birth and continued development of the automobile. As with any developing technology, the growth and development of the automobile was driven by the factors that cause technical change. I believe the two factors that played a key role for the automobile were consumer demand and government action. Consumer demand is just what it sounds like, consumers want a new technology, and are willing to pay for it. Government action is also just what it sounds like. The government puts into effect new laws, which change the way products are manufactured. For instance, the EPA has mandated that all cars built after a certain date be â€Å"Environmentally Friendly†, by putting out less pollution and getting better gas mileage. At the beginning of the 20th century, the average American traveled only 1,200 miles in a lifetime. Most of that traveling was done on foot, and within that person’s own town. This is where consumer demand comes into play. People wanted to travel, but they weren’t going to walk from state to state to get where they wanted to go. People wanted a quicker, more efficient way to get from point A to point B. The first cars were electric cars and made their debut in the 1800’s. These cars could travel approximately 50 miles at 10 to 20 mph before needing recharging. By 1900, there were 50 automobile manufacturing companies in the United States. With an average cost of $1,550 per car, only the wealthy car, and only 8,000 were registered in the United States. With the advent of mass production,...

Systems and operations management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Systems and operations management - Assignment Example The company employs more than 52,000 employees based in four countries at sixteen different sites. The four countries in which the 16 sites are set up are Germany, France, the United Kingdom and Spain. The final assembly of the aircraft is done in Toulouse (France). Also, the company has its subsidiaries in the United States, Japan, China and India. The company has built the world first commercially viable fly-by-wire airliner, the Airbus A320, and also the largest airliner, the A380. The Airbus A380 is a four engine double deck airplane is a double-deck, and is the largest airplane in the world. It took its first flight on 27 April 2005 from Toulouse, and the first commercial flight was operated on 25 October 2007 from Singapore to Sydney in alliance with the Singapore Airlines Corporation. The airplane design offers cabin size of 50% more than the Boeing 747 which is the second largest airplane in the world and provides for a seating space of 850 people as compared to only 525 in t he Boeing 727. Airbus 380 is available in both the passenger and freight models and is the first airplane to use the GTL-based fuel technology. This paper, divided into four section, will make a detailed study about the operations management of Airbus 380, use of Information technology, and soft system methodology to enhance the business and management operations of Airbus. SECTION 1 This section will study the role of operations management, the reasons behind its initiation at the company, and its effect on the business objectives. This section provides the detailed analysis of operations management at Airbus, and how it has been implemented with the help of various OM techniques to increase efficiency. The previous operations at Airbus were not in line with the new requirements of Airbus A380. The new system required higher efficiencies, with precision, and reliability of speedy data and decision making. The old manufacturing facilities were not able to support the requirements of a new and more complex engineering product. It was important that the management makes significant changes in the operational process and data handling system to improve efficiencies. Also the supply chain of the company was in dire need of modifications and up gradations to carry out all the requirements for the manufacture of airbus A380. The engineers were not able to identify the cause of frequent disruptions that usually occurred in the system, which resulted in fault decision making at most of the times. In order to cure the system of these problems, it was evident that operational management would be employed in the form of various techniques that would assist in managing the overall business in a more profitable manner. The company management decided to implement two operations management techniques in its manufacturing floors – Enterprise resource planning and SCOR. Airbus introduced a new oracle based ERP system which also consisted of integrated accounting and cos ting along with the regular purchase and inventory management, production planning, and logistics management systems. The implementation of the ERP made it mandatory that the system is centralized in nature required and the production chain assumes a â€Å"Pull type† formation instead of the existing â€Å"Push type† configuration, ( Chekland, 1981). With these two reforms in place, it became easier to share the data easily within the various manufacturing centers of Airbus and

Named data networking Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Named data networking - Term Paper Example Named data networking is a new architecture that has been developed to revolutionize the current internet architecture. There is no doubt the network engineers have made significant development in the current network design. Indeed, current networks have many innovations that have transformed how data are shared between various computers connected to the internet. Despite these, the same network is characterized by many challenges that have hindered the transfer of data between different endpoints. However, the named data networking is a paradigm that is poised to overcome the many challenges facing current implementation of networks. The introduction of named data networking will give more emphasis on data, liberate content from providers and provide a myriad of benefits to computer users, despite having some limitations. How named data network works The development of the named data networking is based on a number of concepts that work to improve how data is shared across the inter net. These concepts shape the function of any named data network based on the principle of named data networking. In a named data networking, each piece of data has a name, which uniquely identifies the data anywhere in the network configuration. In addition, all pieces of data provide more information on what they contain rather than what they are. The change from who to what is a significant shift that defines how named data networks function (Chen, Goes, & Marsden 154). ... This is a process where data are signed with unique signature name that also secure the metadata. The specific signatures are public keys with binding enforced between names and data. Because of this, a named data network does not need a name lookup process. Named data networks also have encryption mechanism that secures packets during transit from one location to another. Naming principles are a core function that influences the functioning of named data network. In a named data network, variable length identifiers are used to name data thus categorizing them into hierarchies. Content versions and segments are used to characterize information at the lower levels of a named data network (Serpanos and Wolf 23). When in use, the named data network works by specifying how information can traverse the network. The selection process is done when a host sends an interest group. The transport strategy in named data networks entails sending of single data packets in response to each interest packet received. In some instances, network hosts can send many interest packets to ensure that flow of data is controlled in some applications. With the difficulty of flow control, network nodes learn the best strategy to send their packets to support an end-to-end communication. Content segments are also used to replace TCP sequence numbers in use. Named data networks have different routing mechanism. A named data network makes use of a mechanism that provides link advertisement between various nodes. This advertisement provides includes a named prefix. Similarly, OSPF protocols can be used to achieve intra-domain routing that includes type-label values that indicated in the protocol segment. The use of names removes the challenge of using IP architecture for routing

The Calling of Saul of Tarsus

The Calling of Saul of Tarsus A leading persecutor of Christians, Saul of Tarsus sought to destroy the Church (1 Cor. 15:9; Gal. 1:13, 23). Except for Jesus, no one influenced the early church more than Saul, also known as the apostle Paul. This paper will examine the circumstances and events prompting a zealous persecutor of the church to become the most influential leader for the spread of the Gospel to the Gentiles. It will be shown that the calling of Saul was a true conversion even though he was not moving from one religion to another. His calling emphasized change but emphasized the conviction that the final expression and intent of Judaism had been born. Paul was born a Jew, and was a citizen of Tarsus where he was a tentmaker by trade. He received his rabbinic training in Jerusalem, under the teaching of Gamaliel. According to Pauls own account, he was a strict adherent among Pharisees (Gal. 1:14, Phil. 3:5-6). Paul inherited Roman citizenship (Acts 22:2528), which was widely granted during the latter part of the Roman republic. Paul claims in Acts 22:28, that he had been born a Roman citizen. This would mean that he had inherited Roman citizenship from his father. Little is known of Pauls life prior to the events discussed in Acts. He is first mentioned in chapter 7 in connection with the execution of Stephen. According to Acts 7:58, the witnesses laid their clothes at the feet of a young man named Saul. Paul was a Pharisee, a prominent young member of that sect. Steeped in the monotheism of the Old Testament Scriptures, he could only count as blasphemy the claims of Jesus disciples that their Master was the Son of God. He could only ridicule the issue of a life that terminated, as he thought, on a despised cross and in a gloomy sepulcher, rather than on a throne of glory. With regard to Pauls pre-Christian attitude to the gospel, one thing is certain; he was opposed to it with his whole heart. In his apostolic letters he speaks of his previous hatred for the church (Gal 1:13; Phil 3:6). His persecution of Christians was to him a holy war. The only explanation that can be given of his sudden reversal is that the risen Christ actually appeared to him and by the sheer persuasion of His deity, claimed the faith and allegiance of the persecutor. Pauls conversion/calling to the Way took place near the city of Damascus. Four characteristics stand out in the accounts of this event. First, Paul was actively engaged in persecuting Christians and did not anticipate his conversion (Acts 9:19; 22:416; 26:917). Second, the event that initiated the unexpected change of course was a revelation of Jesus Christ made to Paul alone. Third, Soon after this revelation Paul had contact with a certain Christian (Ananias) in Damascus who recognized Paul as a believer in Christ by baptizing him. Fourth, Paul was immediately called by Jesus to take the Gospel to the Gentiles (1 Cor. 9:1; 15:89; Gal. 1:1516; cf. Eph. 3:16). Pauls Damascus experience becomes the most famous conversion/calling in history. Suddenly he is blinded by a light from heaven the light of the glory of Christ. His surrender to Jesus was instantaneous and complete: What shall I do, Lord? (Acts 22:10). He could not see because of the glory of that light (Acts 22:11), but he had already seen the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ (2 Corinthians 4:6). The god of this world could blind him no longer. At his conversion/calling, Paul was commanded to open the eyes and turn them from darkness to light (Acts 26:18). Although Paul was blinded after his encounter with the Lord, Ananias laid hands on Paul, something like scales fell from his eyes (Acts 9:18), and he was able to see. He had first-hand knowledge and experience of turning from darkness to light, and his command from the Lord was as clear as his newly regained sight. Content to allude to Pauls blindness and recovery as historical events, Luke wishes by a sober narration of carefully selected facts to make it clear that Pauls meeting with Christ is not to be classed with other visions, however supernatural, but is to be accepted on a par with the other appearances of the Risen Lord. So Paul goes from opposing God and persecuting Jesus to joining the persecuted side. After spending several days with the disciples at Damascus, Saul went into the synagogues and boldly proclaimed Jesus, that he is the Son of God (Acts 9:20). Krister Stendahl argues that a proper interpretation of Romans 7 shows that Paul, as a loyal Jew, had experienced no struggle or guilt feelings that would have led him, through dissatisfaction with the law, to turn to Christ.Neither did he suffer from an introspective conscience..Stendahl prefers to regard him as someone who did not abandon his Jewishness for a new religion but, rather, as a Jew who was given a new vocation in service of the Gentiles. The description, in Acts, of Pauls sudden conversion on the road to Damascus is primarily the creation of Luke; Pauls biographer. Lukes description of Paul is not impartial biography either, for it was intended to dramatize the early churchs journey from Judea into the gentile world. In some ways Luke downplays Pauls claims, but he uses Pauls life and mission to illustrate the destiny of Christianity. Many of the details of Pauls life come from Luke since most biographical details are missing from Pauls own letters. Lukes description of Pauls conversion draws on the Hebrew Bible for themes of prophetic calling, paralleling the commissioning of Jeremiah (Jer. 1:5-11) and Isaiah (Isa. 6:1-9). Pauls calling, and ultimate conversion to Christianity, depicts the decisive change Paul experienced. Not only was Pauls conversion/calling remarkable with respect to his view of Jesus, but in his attitude toward Gentiles. Judaism is well known for its exclusivist attitude. It was unlawful for a Jew to have fellowship with one who is uncircumcised. Along with his conversion he received a prophetic commission to convert the gentiles. It is inadequate to speak only in terms of Pauls conversionas if he were moving from one religion to another; and likewise only in terms of his callas if he were continuing in an unaltered faith. The conversion-call combination emphasizes both continuity and change. Stendahl challenges the appropriateness of conversion language because Paul has not changed religions, that is, he never turns from loyalties to the God with which he began. While the answer might seem clear enough, working with Stendahls assumptions complicates the task; and furthermore, Luke nowhere explicitly defines conversion, nor provides a consistent pattern of entry into the church. When he does specify the means by which one joins the group, he is generally rounding out narrative portions which demonstrate the overarching effects of preaching. He does, however, offer sufficient material for us at least to consider the nature of a changed relationship with God, and ask whether the change constitutes conversion. Although we customarily label this experience Pauls conversion, this can be done only in retrospect, for at that time Judaism and Christianity were not yet separate religions. In reality, Paul changed brands of Judaism, switching from Pharisaic to Christian Judaism. On e of the main ways that Luke demonstrates Sauls changed relationship with God is to show this change in group affiliations. That is, while not an end in itself, his new corporate identity points to the ultimate reality underpinning his change. What is evident is the fact that the gospel message is beginning to extend beyond Jerusalem and Judea. Paul inhabits that world of Christianity which he formerly tried to exterminate through the killing of Stephen. However, it was Stephen and his circle, not Paul, who launched a mission to Gentiles. Pauls missionary enterprise is not framed in generalities, as it is in Acts 1:8 (to be my witnesses) and Acts 9:15 (to carry my name). In Acts 22 and 26, Paul is directed to testify specifically about what he has seen and heard on the road to Damascus. The missionary charge to preach before kings in Acts 9:15 is Lukes anticipation of the way he closed Pauls public ministry by having Paul preach before King Agrippa (Acts 26:1-32), and it is suggestive of a Pauline appearance before Caesar (cf. Acts 23:11, 25:10-12 and 27:23-24.) Since Paul is the great missionary to the Gentiles, it is appropriate that his conversion/call immediately precede the worldwide spread of the gospel. Hence, Luke introduces it immediately before the movement of the gospel into the Gentile world, as the conclusion to the Palestinian mission. What were the consequences of this event for Pauls theology? The most difficult question to solve was, What impact does the Christian Gospel have on the concept and observance of the Law (Torah)? This question is still disputed today. The basic problem is that Paul seems to be vacillating between two concepts of law, a Jewish concept and his own Christian concept. Paul called his new concept the law of Christ (Gal. 6:2). The law summarized the Scriptures in another way, by regarding the love command as the common denominator. For the whole law is fulfilled in one word: you shall love your neighbor as yourself (Gal. 5:14). As Paul attempted to make sense of Christian theology, the Damascus event provided an unexpected answer to an old Jewish question: Is God the God of Jews only? Is he not the God of gentiles also? Because Christ ordered Paul to preach the gospel to the gentiles, Paul could now answer boldly: Yes, of Gentiles also Conclusion When reading Acts, one is struck by the immediacy of Pauls activity as an apologist and theologian for the Christian community after his conversion (Acts 9:20-22, 28-29). His theological views were already so profound as to be irrefutable by his first-century Jewish opponents (9:22). Neither the brevity of the Damascus event nor the three short days of blindness following it allowed for a new theological education. Therefore the encounter with Jesus must not have required the abandonment of his former learning, but informed and reoriented it toward a new understanding of salvation-history around some key theological point revealed to him in the event. It was Pauls conviction that if one read the Torah story, emphasizing it as a story of Gods works of salvation and righteousness for ancient Israel, then one could not escape seeing that God had wrought another salvation, and committed another righteousness, in Christ just like the ones of old but an even greater one ! Paul was so excited by his belief that God had committed a new, mighty act in Christ, that he just could not understand why everybody did not see it the way he did. For Paul, as for Jeremiah, it was a question of how you think. The New Testament contains six summaries of Pauls conversion experience (Acts 9:1-30; 22:1-21; 26:1-23; Gal. 1:13-17; 1 Cor. 15:8-10; Phil. 3:4-11). Paul also alludes to the event on the road to Damascus several times (Rom. 10:2-4; 1 Cor. 9:1, 16-17; 2 Cor. 3:4-4:6; 5:16; Eph. 3:1-13; Col. l:23-29). Those references emphasis the significance Paul placed on his conversion experience and for determining his ministry.

My Trip On The Ganges River :: essays research papers

My Trip on the Ganges River About 2 weeks ago I went on an exciting trip along the Ganges River. In this letter I'll tell you all about it. It turns out that the Ganges has its beginning in an ice cave 10,300 feet above sea level in the snow-covered Himalayan Mountains of northern India. From there, the river flows towards the southeast and goes through East Pakistan, for about 1,557 miles. Ganges River then empties into the Bay of Bengal. Several tributary rivers, including the Jumna, Rmganga, Gumti, Gogra, Son, and Kusi also add to the waters of the Ganges. As I was going past the Bay of Bengal I noticed some people with severe sicknesses and crippled bathing in the Ganges River. My guide told me that to Indians, Ganges River is sacred and people believe that the touch of its water will cure some diseases. I was shocked to find out that people even go to that river to die in hope that they will go to paradise. I should point out that the river is only sacred to Hindus. It was interesting to find out that each year, thousands of Hindu pilgrims visit such holy cities as Benares and Allahabad along the banks of the Ganges. They go there just to bathe in the river and to take home some of its water. The Ganges River is so important to the Indians that they call it "Ganga Mata" or Mother Ganges. It is also the greatest waterway in India and one of the largest in the world. Temples line the riverbank, and stairways, called ghats, lead down to the water. I am enclosing one of the pictures I took of the Ganges River. The river is an important trade place. Its valley is fertile and densely populated. Some of India's largest cities like Calcutta, Howrah, Patna, Benares, Allahabad, and Cawnpore are located on the river. India's capital, New Delhi, is on one of its tributaries, the Jumna. The Ganges River however, isn't as

Educational Implications Essay

The educational implications of Erikson, Piaget, and Vygotsky are very precise and distinctive. These three articles focus on the application of cognitive, social and psychosocial theories and their implications within an effective classroom. Each individual psychologist puts into practice learning practices that can be executed within a classroom to increase student’s success and achievement. Piaget’s article stresses the educational practices of peer learning, and depicts possible outcomes from this strategy. Vygotskys article highlights the importance of developing an efficient social climate within the classroom, whereas Erikson draws our attention to teaching children of diverse cultures. Piaget: Implications of Piaget’s Ideas about Peer Learning Peer-learning has great significance in the classroom settings and can be considered imperative in its usage in the classroom. The essential function of peer learning is to sharpen academic skills and manage interactions with classmates (De Lisi, 2002). DeVries stated that student learning is extended when teacher generate an environment of mutual respect in their classrooms. When mutual respect is established in the classroom peers demonstrate a higher probability to freely exchange ideas that later lead to deeper understandings and positive reception of individual personalities. The article also suggested that peer learning occur in the classroom rather than being extended outside of the classroom. This suggestion is made because of differences in social-moral contexts outside of the classroom; however teacher can require particular individual parts. Piaget suggested that developing knowledge as a relationship between a child’s current cognitive system and the object, task, or problem at hand. When this relationship is balanced the cognitive system is engaged in its entirety and essential components of the problems are addressed. Balanced problem elements and cognitive system foster deeper levels of understanding and comprehension of problems. When the components in the task and problem is outweighed by the child’s cognitive system the child will most likely become imbalanced in their thinking by develop various individualistic interpretations. In these instances details are often ignored and overlooked, resulting in no change of understanding. When problem elements dominate the cognitive systems minimal engagement is acquired (De Lisi 2002). An example of an unbalanced developing knowledge is in the instance of two students working on a reading assignment. If the assignment is above one of the student’s ability level there is high likely chance the student will copy off of the student and never comprehend author’s purpose. The article also addresses preconceptions about peer-learning among students personally. Students possess feeling and consciousness about these particular experiences. Feelings provide motivation for actions, while thoughts draw up the margins of their potential on an assignment. Intentional teachers must fashion clearly designed socially interactive components in peer learning activities to ensure positive experiences. Teachers can amplify the growth of innovative and critical thinkers through calculated peer learning activities. Weather peer-learning occurs in or outside that classroom it can produce many beneficial outcomes. Erikson: Teaching the Immigrant Child Immigrant children are immensely populating our classrooms requiring a change in earlier used strategies. These strategies are now proven to be obsolete and no longer effective. English languages Learners (ELL) are students who are learning English while speaking other languages including their native tongue (Onchwari, etl 2008). A great amount of this population of students derives from poor families and homes where there is limited education which produces greater obstacles for teachers and students. In the scenarios educators must be sensitive to the students needs and look for ways to foster high self esteem and incorporate their personal cultural beliefs. According to Erickson’s theory, children progress through eight universal psychosocial stages. Immigrant children battle through the first three stages of Erikson’s theory; trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame, and initiative vs. guilt. As educators create an atmosphere of cultural respect, children develop acceptance which leads to additional confidence in their abilities (Onchwari, etl 2008). Teachers can learn about a child’s culture and teach acceptance, in result immigrant and non immigrant students ill learn cultural differences. Vygotsky: Developing Tools for an effective classroom. This article focuses on cognitive and social constructivism to produce an effective classroom. Cognitive constructivism is constructed through a personal process, while social constructivism is where ideas are constructed through interaction with teachers and peers. After Piaget describe his theories on cognitive constructivism Lev Vygotstky later followed these theories with his belief in social interactions and its fundamental role in learning. Vygotsky’s main theory is the zone of proximal development or ZPD. This is the part that controls how a child learns. ZPD is the area where learning occurs when a child is assisted in a concept that is being expressed in the classroom. Research proves consistently that learning is smooth when it occurs within this zone and others are involved (Vygostky, 1962) ZPD focuses on the different psychological functions that emerge as a child grows and occurs when a child is helped in learning a concept in the classroom (Vygotsky, 1962). Once the skill has been mastered, the child’s ZPD increases. As a result of this, the child is able to do more activities independently and with less teacher guidance. Vygotsky’s theory also includes the concept of scaffolding. Scaffolding takes place during the ZPD stage to help the child understand skills taught by the teacher. The teacher works closely with the student to solve problems and complete tasks After reading these articles I was able to grasp a better understanding of the positive impacts these theories have on student learning and achievement. Each theorist are diverse in their approach but their research merits great positive outcomes. All three theories incorporate diversity, communication, engagement, language, and inquiry base learning. Jesus in the New Testament established a new command that stated we are to love our neighbors as ourselves. Teachers must keep in the forefront of their minds that located inside of each student is a heart; a heart that has different motivations, beliefs, values, goals and feelings. That same heart is to be love and cultivated because each one is an individual.

Nursing Reflection - 1924 Words

†¢ Reflect on your capacity for the 5 Cs. Describe how you demonstrated each capacity: Compassion: Doanne Varcoe refers to Compassion not only means sharing in the moment, but additionally, â€Å"offers a way of being and orienting relationally in the midst of discomfort and angst/ to join and be in our ‘common suffering’† Through engaging to what seemed to be a flurry of discourse and to being present I was able to demonstrate this compassion as evidenced by active involvement, or listening. Adding along with the nuances of small expression revealed through my relaxed posture and face of concern. Curiosity: â€Å"Curiosity is not only whether to know or not knowing, but is to step out of one’s life experience / prior study to consider other†¦show more content†¦(3 marks) Contextual influences Refer to the influences of p. 152. †¢ Describe 3 contextual influences that may have affected the interaction between you and the person (include a value-driven label that might be assigned to this person). For each ‘influence’ provide your rationale. (3 marks) Sociopolitical context refers to the social environments and can also infer how power creates a caste or a system of hierarchy where values are attributed to people depending on where they fall under different headings; this can be but not limited to economic success. In this situation, the power was perceived as equal or shared as neither of us live in an historic, visible caste system but rather being situated in the public sector, Vancouver East side to be exact; though it is inferred that those living on the east side are to be lesser than those on the west side: this however did not have an effect, much less being near in age. These values may have allowed enough common ground for a conversation between two associates in education is socio-politically equal in ground as opposed to a millionaire born trying to converse and understand the plight of poverty born. Physical context can refer to the environment in which one lives, such as line of work recreation. TheShow MoreRelatedNursing reflection.12855 Words   |  52 PagesReflective Essay This essay will look at reflection on a critical incident that has promoted a positive outcome. It is not a very major incident but it stands out as it has a potential for learning. 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